Introduction The disappearance from the international scene of the Somali state in 1991 is seen as a unique phenomenon in this nation-state era. This experience was expected to leave Somalia out of the “loop of new global technologies, market, politics and cultures”. Contrary to this expectation, Somalis have not been so excluded. This was caused by the impact of ...

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    Somali resistance to foreign interference in their lives dated back to at least the years between 1528 and 1535 when, under the command of Imam Ahmed (Ahmed Ibn Ibrahim al-Ghazi), known as Ahmed ‘Gurey’ (the left-handed), the Somali devastated, and for a time successfully pushed back the Abyssinian Empire. It was only with the help of the Portuguese that ...

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